Test Code MISC Manganese, 24 Hour, Urine
Reporting Name
Manganese, 24 Hr, UUseful For
Monitoring manganese exposure in 24 hour urine collections
Nutritional monitoring
Performing Laboratory

Specimen Type
UrineNecessary Information
24-Hour volume is required.
Specimen Required
Patient Preparation: High concentrations of gadolinium and iodine are known to interfere with most metals tests. If gadolinium- or iodine-containing contrast media has been administered, a specimen should not be collected for 96 hours.
Supplies: Urine Tubes, 10 mL (T068)
Collection Container/Tube: Clean, plastic urine container with no metal cap or glued insert
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic, 10-mL urine tube or clean, plastic aliquot container with no metal cap or glued insert
Specimen Volume: 10 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Collect urine for 24 hours.
2. Refrigerate specimen within 4 hours of completion of 24-hour collection.
3. See Trace Metals Analysis Specimen Collection and Transport in Special Instructions for complete instructions.
Additional Information: See Urine Preservatives-Collection and Transportation for 24-Hour Urine Specimens in Special Instructions for multiple collections.
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.4 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Urine | Refrigerated (preferred) | 28 days | |
Frozen | 28 days | ||
Ambient | 7 days |
Special Instructions
Reference Values
<4.0 mcg/specimen
Reference values have not been established for patients that are <18 years of age.
Day(s) and Time(s) Performed
Thursday
Test Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
83785
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
MNU | Manganese, 24 Hr, U | 8203-2 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
8080 | Manganese, 24 Hr, U | 8203-2 |
TM26 | Collection Duration | 13362-9 |
VL24 | Urine Volume | 3167-4 |
Clinical Information
Manganese (Mn) is a trace essential element with many industrial uses. Mining and iron and steel production have been implicated as occupational sources of exposure. It is principally used in steel production to improve hardness, stiffness, and strength. Mn is a normal constituent of air, soil, water, and food. The primary non-occupational source of exposure is by eating food or Mn-containing nutritional supplements. Vegetarians who consume foods rich in Mn such as grains, beans, and nuts, as well as, heavy tea drinkers may have a higher intake than the average person. People who smoke tobacco or inhale second-hand smoke are also exposed to Mn at higher levels than non-smokers.
Inhalation is the primary source of entry for Mn, but is also partially absorbed (3%-5%) through the gastrointestinal tract. Only very small amounts of Mn are absorbed dermally. Signs of toxicity may appear quickly, and neurological symptoms are rarely reversible. Mn toxicity is generally recognized to progress through 3 stages. Levy describes these stages. "The first stage is a prodrome of malaise, somnolence, apathy, emotional lability, sexual dysfunction, weakness, lethargy, anorexia, and headaches. If there is continued exposure, progression to a second stage may occur, with psychological disturbances, including impaired memory and judgement, anxiety, and sometimes psychotic manifestations such as hallucinations. The third stage consists of progressive bradykinesia, dysarthrian axial and extremity dystonia, paresis, gait disturbances, cogwheel rigidity, intention tremor, impaired coordination, and a mask-like face. Many of those affected may be permanently and completely disabled."(1) Mn is removed from the blood by the liver where it's conjugated with bile and excreted.
As listed in the United States National Agriculture Library, Mn adequate intake is 1.6 to 2.3 mg/day for adults. This level of intake is easily achieved without supplementation by a diverse diet including fruits and vegetables, which have higher amounts of manganese than other food types. Patients on a long-term parenteral nutrition should receive manganese supplementation and should be monitored to ensure that circulatory levels of manganese are appropriate.
Analytic Time
1 dayReject Due To
All specimens will be evaluated at Mayo Clinic Laboratories for test suitability. |
NY State Approved
YesMethod Name
Dynamic Reaction Cell-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (DRC-ICP-MS)